Resultsĭata collection using the free-running framework was successful in all patients in less than 8 min scan planning was very simple without the need for parameter adjustments, while no ECG lead placement and triggering was required. Intubated and free-breathing patient sub-groups were compared for image quality using coronary artery length and conspicuity as well as lung-liver interface sharpness. To evaluate the performance of motion resolution, visibility of coronary artery origins was assessed. Cardiac and respiratory motion-resolved 5D images were reconstructed with a fully SG approach. All patients were slowly injected with ferumoxytol (4 mg/kg) over 15 minutes.
Eleven patients were anesthetized and intubated, while seven were breathing freely without anesthesia. In 18 pediatric CHD patients, non-electrocardiogram (ECG) triggered 5D free-running gradient echo CCMRA with whole-heart 1 mm 3 isotropic spatial resolution was performed in seven minutes on a 1.5T CMR scanner. We tested the hypothesis that spatial and motion resolution suffice to visualize coronary artery ostia in a cohort of CHD subjects, both for intubated and free-breathing acquisitions. To address the above concerns and provide a single-click imaging solution, we applied our free-running framework for fully self-gated (SG) free-breathing 5D whole-heart CCMRA to CHD patients after ferumoxytol injection. Anesthesia and intubation are commonplace to minimize movements and control respiration in younger subjects. Coronary cardiovascular magnetic resonance angiography (CCMRA) of congenital heart disease (CHD) in pediatric patients requires accurate planning, adequate sequence parameter adjustments, lengthy scanning sessions, and significant involvement from highly trained personnel.
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